Analysis of Mexican Popular Health Insurance: an integrative review of literature

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the reform of Mexican health system, from the implementation of Popular Health Insurance, highlighting its operation, positive and negative aspects. An integrative review of the literature was conducted using Lilacs and SciELO Regional databases from January 2011 to December 2018. Publications included addressed three main themes: history of Mexican health system, its functioning
and positive and negative points of the Popular Health Insurance. The literature points out that Popular Health Insurance emerged after a process of neoliberal reforms in the Mexican health system, consonant with the Universal Health Coverage proposal, which aims to reduce impoverishment by health spending in the population without social security. Popular Health Insurance offers a smaller variety of diagnoses and treatments than social security, less number of consultations, urgent care and medications. Its greatest impact
was on indigenous and rural populations, but 20% of the general population remains uncovered and care is unequal still. Popular Health Insurance analysis allows us to infer possible impacts that the affordable health plans would have on the Brazilian scenario, resulting in access to a smaller set of procedures for the population currently covered by the public health system in place (SUS).