Online social support: Theoretical and methodological issues, social and health benefits, and recommendations

Abstract

Online social support platforms (discussion forums, Facebook groups, chat rooms, etc.) are increasingly used by people living with chronic diseases and their caregivers, who aspire to exchange with people living with similar problems outside their traditional network. The objective of this literature review is to present online social support interventions described in recent scientific literature, to: 1) guide organizations
that want to develop such intervention or improve an existing program, and 2) identify research avenues for
researchers and recommendations for health planners. Some 59 scientific articles presenting online social support interventions (2006-2016) were analyzed using a grid emphasizing the theoretical conceptions of social support, the web platforms used and their functionalities, the design process and evaluation of the interventions, the methods of participation and animation set up by the organizations, the documented impacts of the interventions on the populations, and finally the lines of research and the recommendations for the field planners. A narrative methodology was used to highlight development and implementation challenges to support our partner organizations in developing or improving their online social support interventions.